Ṇamōkāra mantra is the most significant mantra in Jainism.[1][2] This is the first prayer recited by the Jains while meditating. The mantra is also variously referred to as the Pancha Namaskāra Mantra, Navakāra Mantra or Namaskāra Mantra. While reciting this mantra, the devotee bows with respect to the Panch Parameshti (the Supreme Five):
Arihant— Those who have destroyed the four inimical karmas
Siddha — The liberated souls
Acharyas — The spiritual leaders or Preceptors
Upajjhaya — Preceptor of less advanced ascetics[3]
Sādhu — The monks or sages in the world
There is no mention of any particular names of the gods or any specific person. The prayer is done towards the guṇa (the good qualities) of the gods, teachers and the saints. Jains do not ask for any favors or material benefits from the tirthankaras or monastics. This mantra simply serves as a gesture of deep respect towards beings whom they believe are spiritually ahead, as well as to remind the people of their ultimate goal i.e. moksha (liberation).
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